GPUs in the task manager

【外部リンク】
https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/directx/2017/07/21/gpus-in-the-task-manager/
GPUs in the task manager

System Requirements
In Windows, the GPU is exposed through the Windows Display Driver Model (WDDM). At the heart of WDDM is the Graphics Kernel, which is responsible for abstracting, managing, and sharing the GPU among all running processes (each application has one or more processes). The Graphics Kernel includes a GPU scheduler (VidSch) as well as a video memory manager (VidMm). VidSch is responsible for scheduling the various engines of the GPU to processes wanting to use them and to arbitrate and prioritize access among them. VidMm is responsible for managing all memory used by the GPU, including both VRAM (the memory on your graphics card) as well as pages of main DRAM (system memory) directly accessed by the GPU. An instance of VidMm and VidSch is instantiated for each GPU in your system.

The data in the Task Manager is gathered directly from VidSch and VidMm. As such, performance data for the GPU is available no matter what API is being used, whether it be Microsoft DirectX API, OpenGL, OpenCL, Vulkan or even proprietary API such as AMD's Mantle or Nvidia's CUDA.  Further, because VidMm and VidSch are the actual agents making decisions about using GPU resources, the data in the Task Manager will be more accurate than many other utilities, which often do their best to make intelligent guesses since they do not have access to the actual data.

The Task Manager's GPU performance data requires a GPU driver that supports WDDM version 2.0 or above. WDDMv2 was introduced with the original release of Windows 10 and is supported by roughly 70% of the Windows 10 population. If you are unsure of the WDDM version your GPU driver is using, you may use the dxdiag utility that ships as part of windows to find out. To launch dxdiag open the start menu and simply type dxdiag.exe. Look under the Display tab, in the Drivers section for the Driver Model. Unfortunately, if you are running on an older WDDMv1.x GPU, the Task Manager will not be displaying GPU data for you.

【外部リンク】
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/display/wddm-2-0-and-windows-10
In this section
Topic Description
GPU virtual memory in WDDM 2.0

This section provides details about GPU virtual memory, including why the changes were made and how drivers will use it. This functionality is available starting with Windows 10.

Driver residency in WDDM 2.0

This section provides details about the driver residency changes for WDDM 2.0. The functionality described is available starting with Windows 10.

Context monitoring

A monitored fence object is an advanced form of fence synchronization which allows either a CPU core or a graphics processing unit (GPU) engine to signal or wait on a particular fence object, allowing for very flexible synchronization between GPU engines, or across CPU cores and GPU engines.